...the formula, “If I work hard, my children will have a better life than me, and my grandchildren an even better life, etc.” From the 1970s on, however, regression became...

...Balazs, Jean-Pierre Figuer and Pierre Rimbert, Compétition généralisée, “déclassement” et conversions politiques:les effets differentiels de la crise dans la sidérurgie et dans les hautes technologies, Research Report, Centre d’études de...

...much since then in its main structural features. A 2002 report2“Ségrégation urbaine et intégration sociale”, by Jean-Paul Fitoussi, Eloi Laurent and Joel Maurice. It is available (in French) at http://www.cae.gouv.fr/rapports/45.htm....

...youth stroll together in the neighbourhood streets, squares and buildings’ entrances. They “hold the wall” (an expression borrowed from the Franco-Algerian slang, “hittist,” referring to idle young males in the...

...between generations and cultures, and between national, local, and community institutions. In these areas affiliations are juxtaposed, fragmented, and united to resist one another, to mark off territories isolated from...

...reality. The urban riots that recently broke out in France result from a loyalty to a philosophy that has scarcely been modified even in the face of a society whose...

...order to make possible “family regrouping”—see Patrick Weil for instance (La France et ses étrangers, Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1991)—and most of these workers chose to stay in France, to have their...